Bring 4 cups water to a boil. Remove from the heat and stir in both sugars until dissolved. Add the remaining cold water.
Use a vegetable peeler to remove thin strips of yellow lemon zest without white pith. Juice the lemons and add zest and juice to the pot.
When the mixture cools to lukewarm, sprinkle in the yeast and stir once. Cover loosely with a clean towel and ferment at room temperature for 18 to 24 hours.
Bottle and Chill:
Strain into clean bottles, leaving at least 1 1/2 inches headspace. Add 3 to 4 raisins and a small pinch of the bottling sugar to each bottle.
Close the bottles loosely and refrigerate for 2 to 3 days. Check pressure daily; the sima is ready when raisins rise and the drink is lightly sparkling.
Open slowly over a sink and serve well chilled.
Notes
Refrigeration slows but does not stop fermentation. Use pressure-safe bottles, check them daily, and vent carefully.
Sima is typically low in alcohol when young, but alcohol and pressure can rise with longer or warmer storage.