Cover dried potatoes with warm water and soak for 60 minutes. Drain, rinse well, and pick through for any hard pieces.
Brown the Pork:
Season pork with 1 teaspoon salt and pepper. Heat oil in a Dutch oven and brown pork in batches, then set aside. Cook onion for 8 minutes and garlic for 1 minute.
Stir in aji panca, cumin, and cloves for 2 minutes. Return pork and add stock. Cover and simmer for 35 minutes.
Simmer the Carapulcra:
Add drained potatoes, remaining salt, and crushed peanuts. Simmer partially covered for 45 to 55 minutes, stirring often and adding stock if needed, until the potatoes are tender and the sauce is thick.
Stir in chocolate if using, cook for 2 minutes, and rest for 10 minutes before serving.
Notes
Rinse soaked papa seca thoroughly to remove excess starch and any grit.
Carapulcra keeps refrigerated for four days and thickens as it stands; loosen with stock when reheating.