Heat 2 tablespoons oil in a heavy pot over medium heat. Brown the chicken in batches, then set it aside.
Cook the onions for 8 minutes. Add garlic, ginger, tomatoes, baharat, turmeric, dried limes, cinnamon, cardamom, cloves, and 1 teaspoon salt; cook for 5 minutes.
Return the chicken, add stock, cover, and simmer gently for 35 minutes until the chicken is cooked through. Transfer the chicken to a baking sheet and strain 4 cups of broth, reserving the onion-tomato mixture.
Cook the Rice:
Return the reserved onion-tomato mixture and 4 cups broth to the pot. Stir in the rice and remaining salt, bring to a boil, then cover and cook over very low heat for 18 minutes.
Remove the rice from the heat and rest, covered, for 10 minutes.
Brown and Serve:
Brush the chicken with the remaining tablespoon oil and broil for 4 to 6 minutes until browned at the edges.
Fluff the rice, arrange it on a platter, top with chicken, almonds, and coriander, and serve hot.
Notes
Bahraini baharat commonly includes black pepper, coriander, cinnamon, cloves, cumin, cardamom, and nutmeg.
Use an instant-read thermometer to confirm the chicken reaches 165 F (74 C).